How Collaborative is Collaborative Writing Personal Statement - 17

How Collaborative is Collaborative Writing - Personal Statement Example Having read the writings of both professionals and fellow students, I reached the conclusion that writings vary in their genre and accordingly style and extent of formality in language. While scholarly writings sound very professional and are very formally written, essays and articles written by my fellow students reflected the sort of language we speak in daily life with each other. I learned that vocabulary has a very important role to play in making an assignment-sound professional. One of the quickest ways that can be employed to supply more information with basic sentence patterns is writing phrases (Jones and Fairness 118). These days, it has become relatively easier to choose weighty words as MS Word gives the option of selecting synonyms for words. The less common a word is spoken in routine language, the more suitable it becomes for inserting in academic writings given it does justice to the context and projects the intended meaning as accurately as possible. Peer and collaborative work were very enjoyable and great learning experience. Collaborative writing can be defined as activities related to the creation of a document by at least two authors. Collaborative components include pre-draft discussions and post-draft debates (Dillon). I learned that people’s ideas and thoughts about a subject are influenced by, and often determined by their cultural and religious affiliations and ethnic origins. Collaborative work is of immense value particularly in the contemporary increasingly multicultural work environment because it encapsulates ideas and opinions coming from a variety of backgrounds and origins. Some assignments required us to review each other’s work and respond accordingly.  

Amphibians of West Africa Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Amphibians of West Africa - Term Paper Example From this study it is clear that  climate change and specifically the rainfall shortage has led to decline in biodiversity of population of different organisms, including the amphibians in different parts of the world including West Africa. Rainfall decrease or shortage leads may affect survival   and growth of the amphibians by altering the availability of food, or changing the preditor – prey relationships which may lead to decrease in amphibians population or extinction of a species that is poorly adapted to adverse environments.  During the high rainfall season, amphibians in the west Africa normally mate, with the decreasing rainfall season, the mating season of the amphibians may be altered or even lost if the rain is inadequate and this leads to poor reproduction, which in turn leads to decreased population and my eventually lead to extinction of some species of the amphibians in the region.This paper highlights that  the majority of amphibians in west Africa ar e typical forest specialists, however,some of them can tolerate disturbed forest situation. Only very few amphibians in this region have a preference for savannah and farm bush habitats. Rainfall pattern change, therefore changes the natural habitat of the amphibians in the West Africa and more specifically the majority which inhabit the forest. Destruction of the forest due to lack of rainfall will lead to the death of the amphibians and migration of them to a different location where the habitat can be found.

Intercultural Relations Essay Example for Free

Intercultural Relations Essay Question: There is no need to study intercultural relation. Discuss Communication occurs between individuals who have varying degree of intimacy within each other. Intercultural relations capability is the degree to which people effectively adapt his/her nonverbal and verbal messages to the appropriate cultural context (Kiss 2008). Intercultural relations can be taken place when individuals influenced by different cultural societies exchange shared meanings in communication. Yet, intercultural relations can be formed of different nationalities, different ethnic and even different religion, as well as communication among individuals of different sexual orientation. However, communicating and exchanging values within different culture of individuals is complex as communication process is apparently complicated involving cognitive process, cultural background, individual’s linguistic capability and even biological process. Stienfatt and Roger 1999, claims that one of the most illuminating aspects of intercultural communication is that it opens our minds to the interplay of varied influenced. The world these days is facing great challenges of an increasingly diverse in cultures. Interaction and exchanging values between individuals from different cultures can lead to a whole host of benefits, for instance establishing good relationships within society and healthier communities. Yet, culture allows individuals to connect in small communities to larger communities through exchanged experiences and values (Lull 1995). Intercultural relations assist students step back from their characteristic point of view of seeing the world and demonstrates the influences that have constructed the ways of viewing this world. Cited in Stienfatt and Roger 1999, Gitlin 1995 indicated the concept of people thinking that human think within the intellectual and cultural currents that surround them. Back into the last decade, invasion; colonialization; and warfare brought individuals among countries with divergent cultures into face-to-face contact. An improvement of technologies in communication and rapidly evolving the transportation has changed the way individuals interact and communicate with each other in terms of intercultural relations and communication. However, people from different cultures are usually representative of divergent norms and psychological elements. The crusade explored that communication through various cultures occurred among individuals by human nature. Jerusalem is one of great examples cities in Middle East where people in different cultures and religions; Muslims; Christian; and Jews living together in relative peacefulness and harmoniousness. After the fall of the Roman Empire, Jerusalem indicated that communication effectiveness among divergent cultures and religions are not relying on the study of intercultural relations. Nevertheless, cited in Yinyan 2013, Y. Y. Kim (1988) argued that person who wishes to accomplish an effective intercultural interaction in terms of intercultural relations must be equipped with skills and abilities to be capable and deal with dynamics of cultural diversity. Yet, cite in Sydney morning herald article, Munro (2009) had explored the experiences of an Australian diplomat who worked in Jakarta decided to resign from her workplace due to the strict rules of international diplomacy. The purpose of this essay is demonstrated the necessity of intercultural relations for human being and discuss the terms of intercultural. People are socialized in their own culture and also different in cultures are different norms. An effectiveness communication in intercultural relations can occur by human being in every generation as indicated in our predecessors in Crusades which is people should be culturally sensitive.

Essay --

Most of the researchers have found that there are significant relationship between motivation and social support, within the organization and school. In organization, a study from Lin and Huang (2011) have purposed to examine the relationship between achievement motivation and training motivation. Furthermore, the study also investigated the social support of managers and colleagues as moderators for testing their effect on the relationship between two variables. In findings, the training motivation is significantly affected by achievement motivation, while the social support of managers and colleagues shows a moderating effect in organizations (Lin & Huang, 2011). In schools, Urdan and Schoenfelder (2006) have purposed an analysis article to describe and analyze the research on the contextual influences on student motivation critically, by reviewing the research from three theoretical perspectives (achievement goal theory, self-determination theory, and social-cognitive theory) and the field of social relationship with teachers and peers. In the studies of all three perspectives have emphasized the importance of providing students with a sense of ownership in learning process and the appropriate challenging academic work, will more likely to improve student motivation. Whilst, the perspectives of psychologist on social relationship have found the motivation behavior in school results from a combination of the characteristics of students and the environment. For instance, to encourage the â€Å"unmotivated† student willing participants in academic task are needed the conditions of the tasks are according to their interests, or got the opportunities to meet the social needs through the cooperation with friends or caring support from... ... the path of enrollment to the college, which due to the factors of the possible lack in adult role models and the required knowledge to assist in successful completion of college. However, the non-first generation college students are reported to have higher levels of motivation and more likely to attend college for achieving higher grade point average. Besides, the researchers also found that receiving support from family is important for the students to increase the well-being and chances of enrolling in college (Pannell and Olmos, 2012). As a whole, the studies showed the motivation will positive affected by social support, within the organization and school. In addition, the relationship between motivation and social support will impact the differences in achievement. However, the year of study and sex differences will persist as areas of concern in our study.

SQL Server Magazine

Database professionals are capable of understanding what an application is and how it should go about. Other than that, they also encounter application errors and problems oftentimes. Since they are the only group who are expected to know everything in a database environment, end users often regard them as experts – someone who knows how to solve any problem that a database environment has (Cyr, 2006). But with so many demands, there should be an appropriate scheme for responding to the issues.In year 2006, SQL Server Magazine released the results from the Salary survey which was conducted a few weeks back. The results reveal that the easiest and quickest way to address an issue is not processed through a straight line method. Instead, it may look similar to a spiral stair case wherein the prior step would mean a foundation for the next step. However, there are a few SQL experts out there who do not share the same strategy on responding issues.Moran, a consultant of Solid Qual ity learning added that one can be considered an expert if he or she is able to fix the problem earlier than somebody else does. Miller, on the other hand, is a research analyst of Wichita State University, who is set to be an expert in every practical-related undertaking (Cyr, 2006). He is a self-taught database professional who managed to serve a group of people sharing a database application problem (Cyr, 2006). Miller and Moran are just two of the many experts of SQL server.Regardless of their respective responsibility and background, they share basic means to build a solid foundation on their expertise. The three most important lessons to learn are: to create a strong understanding of the core technology they work with,, the ability to use various information resources, and connections to the IT community through where they can share ideas. References Cyr, D. (2006, December). What makes you an Expert? Retrieved June 23, 2009, from www. sqlmag. com

Analysis of Robert Frosts Meeting and Passing - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 11 Words: 3311 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2019/08/08 Category People Essay Level High school Tags: Robert Frost Essay Did you like this example? Robert Frost was born in San Francisco, California on March 26 in the year of 1874. His father was William Prescott Frost Jr. He was initially a teacher and later became an editor of the San Francisco Evening Bulletin newspaper, he was of English descent and his mother, Isabelle Moodie was that of a Scottish Descent. Robert Frost spent his early childhood in San Francisco, however after the death of his father his mother and his only sister Jeanie, moved to a small town of Lawrence, Massachusetts. Frost attended Lawrence High School where he met his future co-valedictorian and his future wife, Elinor White. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Analysis of Robert Frosts Meeting and Passing" essay for you Create order At a very young age frost seemed to be interested in reading and writing poetry, it was during his years in high school that Frost got his first poem published in his schools magazine. After graduating, Frost went to Dartmouth long enough to get into the Theta Delta Chi fraternity. Frost cleared the entrance for Harvard, but chose to attend Dartmouth in 1892, because it was cheaper, but also because his grandfather blamed Harvard for the bad habits of William. Frost stayed at Dartmouth for less than a term, then left. This caused a conflict and distance with Elinor, she wanted him to finish college and wouldnt marry him until he graduated college. Frost went back to Massachusetts to teach and to work at a variety of jobs like delivering newspapers and factory labor. He hated these jobs without having any passion, it was only after struggling did his dream to become a poet come true. The famous poet, Ralph Waldo Emerson, had read many of his works. Robert Frosts first poem got publish ed in The Independent, with the title My Butterfly: an Elegy. Frost proposed to Elinor, and she said no because she wanted him to first graduate from college and thus he attended Harvard University. Robert Frosts writing style can best be described as a combination of the traditional nineteenth century writing style with the twentieth century contemporary styles. Frost was a modern poet who liked to use different form of metrics combined with New England vernacular. His written work style changed slowly after some time, ending up being more conceptual and abstract in his later years. Numerous specialists believe this was to a great extent because of his religious and political beliefs. Frost used numerous self-portraying subtle elements in his work; He often expresses ordinary points of the new life in New England. His critics justify his regionalism is mostly a result of his realistic approach and not his political beliefs. Frost is one of the most well-known poets of all time and received four Pulitzer Prizes many other awards for his works. Much of the poetry Frost wrote later in his life came from this perspective of being respected and well-known poet. Frost always wrote in his own style, never imitating the current writing style and trends. He used traditional techniques to describe the world as he sees it, often in simple and short detail. Robert Frosts first and second collections of poems were published while he was in England. A Boys Will, published in 1915 is a short collection of poems, which show signs of the themes and techniques. Frost later went on to develop further. His poetry was greatly influenced by the Victorian style. Frost was in the process to realize the conversational style that is visible in his later work. A Boys Will had moderate reactions, and was reviewed positively by renowned reviewers and poets, including Ezra Pound. Frosts further works aided his growing reputation enabling him to secure more teaching work and hence putting him in a more stable financial position. Mountain Interval one of his most famous collections got published in 1916. The collection contains The Road Not Taken, a poem which has become one of the most popular and anthologized in American literature, although many critics complain that it is misunderstood. It is often taken to be a celebration of individuality, a poetic My Way when the more likely interpretation is that it is a regretful work, the speaker commiserating over the lost opportunities that accompany every choice made. Over the next years, Frost published prolifically. He was awarded the Pulitzer Prize in 1931 for Collected Poems, again for A Further Range in 1937, and once more in 1943, for A Witness Tree. By the 1930s, Frost was a household name in the US. He was by now given the honor of being the symbol of American spirit. It was in the same year he was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. On his 75th birthday, the US Senate adopted a resolution honoring Frost, and in 1960, Congress passed a bill awarding him a gold medal. Frosts poems highlight various themes that subtly tend to comfort the reader in many ways. This is visible as he places value on Nature in all his works. This is probably because of the time he spent in New England; examples can be seen in many of his works where he describes the pastoral scenes which are inspired by specific locations in New England. However, the reader does not witness any restrictions as frost does not limit himself to the stereotypical pastoral themes such as sheep and shepherds. Instead, his focus lies on the dramatic struggles that exist in the natural realm of the world, such as the conflict of the changing of seasons (as in After Apple-Picking) and that of the destructive side of nature (as in (Once by the Pacific). Frosts presentation of the natural world is one that inspires deep metaphysical thoughts in the individuals who are exposed to it (as in Birches and The Sound of Trees). For Frost, Nature is not simply a background for poetry, but is rather a cent ral character in his works. This theme also influences a very important theme that frost covers in his works. The theme of rural life vs. Pastoral life is synced with Frosts interest in Nature and everyday life. Frosts childhood experiences in New England exposed him to a lifestyle that appeared to be hassle free and away from complications and yet had a value that was more meaningful than that of a life of city dweller. The farmers described by frost in his poetry hold a very unique opinion on the dealings of the world and also inculcate within them a sense of honour and duty in respect to their work and their community. Frost is not hesitant about exploring the theme of urban life in his poetry; in Acquainted with the Night, the narrator is showcased as someone who lives in an urban set up. However, this gives frost the chance to find a metaphysical meaning in everyday tasks and examine the bond between mankind and nature through glimpses of rural life and farming communities that he is seen expressing in his poetry. Urban life highlights what frost calls real but requires the quality and clarity of life that is so particular to Frost in his work. Further, Frosts works highlight his interest in the everyday activities of life, because it is this side of humanity that he associates reality with. Even the most basic task or action in a normal day can have various and immense hidden meanings that need only to be explored by a poetic mind. For instance, in the poem Mowing, the simple act of mowing hay with a scythe is transformed into an intense discussion of the moral value of hard work and the traditions of the New England countryside. As Frost argues in the poem, by focusing on reality, the real actions of real people, a poet can sift through the unnecessary elements of fantasy and discover Truth. Moreover, Frost holds this belief in high regard that by emphasising on everyday life, he allows himself to better communicate with his readers and more clearly; they can empathize with the tedious struggles and tireless emotions that are expressed in his poems and hence they form a larger and more impactful understanding of Truth th emselves. In his works, Frost also deals with the importance of Duty. Duty is one of the major values in the rural communities of New England; hence it does not come as surprise that Frost employs it as one of the pivot themes of his poetry. Frost explains conflicts between desire and duty in manner that the two shall always be mutually exclusive; in order to provide for his family, a farmer must acknowledge his responsibilities rather than distract himself by indulge in his personal desires. The conflict is rather visible particularly clearly in Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening, when the narrator expresses his wish to stay in the woods and watch the snow continue to fall. However, is unable to refute his obligation to his family and his community; he cannot continue in the woods because of his promises to keep, and so he marches forward on his way. Similarly, in The Sound of Tree, Frost describes a character who is tempted to follow the advice of the trees and make the reckless decision t o abandon his community. However by the end of the poem, the character chooses to stay because his sense of duty to those around him serves as the roots that keep him firmly grounded. His theme of duty can also be associated with another theme that is common in his works. The theme of Rationality verses Imagination, the relation with duty stems when the hardworking people whom Frost describes in his poetry are faced with situations wherein they are forced to decide between rationality and imagination since the two cannot occur simultaneously. The adults in Frosts poetry are stereotypically to maintain their rationality as a load of duty, but there are certain instances when the hint of imagination is almost too seductive to tolerate. For example, in Birches, the narrator wishes that he could climb a birch tree as he did in his early youth and leaving the rational world behind, if only for a moment. This ability to escape rationality and indulge in the liberation of imagination is restricted to the years of childhood. After attaining adulthood, the traditions of New England life require strict code of conduct which demands rationality and a firm acceptance of respo nsibility. As a result of this conflict, Frost makes the poem Out, Out exaggeratingly tragic, describing a young boy who is forced to leave his childhood behind to work at a mans job and in the process becomes a victim of the severe social injustice and achieves death. Something that is very fascinating about frosts work is his ability to connect with his audience. He does this by incorporating the theme of communication. His works often witness communication or the lack thereof, is in fact a significant theme in several of Frosts poems, as he explains it to be the lone escape from isolation and despair. Regrettably, frost also emphasises and makes it clear that communication is extremely complex to achieve. An example of such is, in Home Burial, Frost describes two terrible events: the death of a child and the destruction of a marriage. The death of the child is heartbreaking, but the inability of the husband and wife to communicate with each other and express their grief about the loss is what makes it more tragic and ultimately obliterates their marriage. Frost highlights their inability to communicate with one another by writing the poem in free verse dialogue; the speech of each character is presented clearly to the reader, but neither is able to understand the other. A similar theme is explored by him in Acquainted with the Night, in which the narrator is continuously failing to pull himself out of his depression because he is unable to bring himself to even make eye contact with those surrounding him. In each of the circumstances, the reader is does understand the knowledge that communication could have saved the characters from their devastated state of isolation. And, because of their lack of willingness to take the necessary actions to create a relationship with another being, the characters in their state are forever damned. The theme of communication further gives way to the theme of isolation of the individual. The mainstream characters in Frosts poems are isolated in some way or the other. Even the characters that do not show any sign of depression or loneliness, such as the narrators in The Sound of Trees or Fire and Ice, are still illustrated to be aloof from the rest of society, isolated because of their dist inct perspective. In majority of the cases, isolation has a tendency to be a more destructive force. For example, in The Lockless Door, the narrator has continued in a cage of isolation for several years that he is petrified to answer the door when he hears a knock. This heightened seclusion keeps the character and in reality, humans from fulfilling their complete potential and eventually makes them a prisoner of their own making. Frost suggests, this isolation can be countered through continuous interactions with the society; if the character in The Lockless Door could have gathered himself to open the door and face an invasion of his isolation; he could have achieved a superior level of inner happiness. The theme of communication is subtly visible in frosts poem meeting and passing. This poem by Robert frost deals with one of the many uncanny feelings that surface the human emotions and hence makes the poem more relatable to its audience. This poem illustrates the human tendency of attraction or infatuation towards one another which unfortunate as it may be is not always pursued. Not mentioned in the poem, however these feelings are not stretched forward due to situations such as the time not being right and one can argue due to lack communication and so on. Here a man and woman meet on a road and are mutually attracted. our being less than two but more than one as yet shows that even though they spoke that day there was no mingling of their identities. Although they were not completely separate due to their attraction towards each other, they were not together and therefore not one. The word decimal used here is indicative of their separateness. even though they both liked each ot her, they just moved on with their walk to opposite directions. The last line indicates that even though their sights are same their experience is different. Even though the man sees what the woman had passed earlier and vice versa the way both conceive what they see is different. Frost is maintaining their separateness. The poem seems to be a fond, simple memory of the poet and hence for this reason also lacks climax. In this interpretation, the tone is rather monotone, making it an event which is perhaps negative. It feels as if even though the two spoke, their memories seemed to fade with every step they took away from one another. On the other hand critiques also believe that this Elizabethan sonnet can also be interpreted as a limited meeting of a man and a woman who may be destined to be a couple, but one who has not been paired up yet. (We can tell that the speaker is a man because his feet leave bigger footprints, and we can tell that the person he meets is a woman because shes carrying a parasol.) The bond between the two seems to be governed by a magnetic force. It can be said they are not just two completely separate strangers. But theyre not yet one, the way a husband and wife are said to be one flesh. Your parasol/Pointed the decimal off is a joke about them being somewhere between one and two. They are one point something. The dot that her parasol makes in the dust is the decimal point. This view on the other hand generates a positive impact on the reader. After their brief meeting by the gate, the man and woman continue on their separate ways. She goes in the direction that he came from, and he goes in the direction that she came from. Each of them passes through the space that the other one has just passed through. They dont exactly share the same experience as they will presumably share so much of life once they are a couple but each of them partakes of the other ones experience to a certain extent. Even though theyre not yet fully connected, neither are they completely separate from each other. The important themes that are magnificently illustrated in this poem include that of the beginning of new relationships. Through imagery which eloquently describes the warmth and comforting feeling of love, frost reminds his readers the freshness of a new relationship, the most suitable example being that of his representation of love which is represented by the lines turning, turned and saw her, they mingled in circles. This poem also displays the theme of opportunities not taken, this is because the two beings that crossed each others path did not pursue or confess their attraction which leaves within them a feeling of regret. This is the favourite of the poet, as his poems have a tendency to leave the reader with a sentiment of self realisation. A very important theme that the poem also highlights is the relevance of time. In the first interpretation, it seems that the man and woman attracted to each other are not in the right place in time to take forward their courtship and the reader also comes to terms with reality that sometimes in life one might fall in love, but it is not necessary for them to be the one we spend our lives with. On the hand, the second interpretation views time in a good light, it shows urgency that the soon to be couple have to become one through the institution of marriage. Hence through the themes of this poem, frost gives to his readers an emotion that is at the very heart of everyday life. The poem is a sonnet with a Petrarchan or Italian rhyme scheme. The octave (the first eight lines) and the sestet (the last six lines) of a Petrarchan sonnet are not usually referred to as stanzas. The rhyme scheme used is abbaabbacdc. The language used by Frost in this poem is his signatory colloquial style which is very well visible in the first three lines and sets up an exposition. Firstly, the I character is walking along a wall, and then he is leaning on the wall to get a better view. And, unexpectedly (to the scene, but expected by the reader), I first saw you. Further, the use of caesura in the fourth stanza creates a fond tone. The poem at a larger scale uses imagery which sensitises the reader to some extent. As many argue this poem to be a sonnet indicative of attraction that is not always pursued, in the poem however this imagery has been explained through the second stanza where the parasol pointed and demanded unity that was rather not meant to be. Meeting and passing like other works of Frost, deals with the human emotions that an individual experiences in his or her day to day lives. He charms the reader through his subtle ways in which he can empathize with the same. As a poet, frost makes his audience believe, that his poetry is rather a result of his personal experiences which tends to bring the reader closer to its poet. To conclude, it becomes evident as a reader that Robert frosts poem and his writing perfectly showcases the sensitive and important things that people forget in their hassle prone life, he does this by reminding the reader, that he has been a witness to the experience himself.

Essay about Emile Durkheim vs Karl Marx - 1216 Words

The seventeenth and eighteenth centuries were full of evolving social and economic ideas. These views of the social structure of urban society came about through the development of ideas taken from the past revolutions. As the Industrial Revolution progressed through out the world, so did the gap between the class structures. The development of a capitalist society was a very favorable goal for the upper class. By using advanced methods of production introduced by the Industrial Revolution, they were able to earn a substantial surplus by ruling the middle class. Thus, maintaining their present class of life, while the middle class was exploited and degraded. At this time in history, social theorists like Emile Durkheim and Karl Marx†¦show more content†¦In Durkheims opinion a whole is not identical to the sum of its parts, thus society is not just a mere sum of individuals. A good example of functionalist perspective is Emile Durkheims theory about religion. According to Durkheim, religion in not about supernatural beings but rather about beliefs and practices, which are the collective representations of society and groups. Because Durkheims main interest was the ways in which society is bound together, he investigated the role and the origin of religion in various communities. He believed that a simpler society has a simpler religion. Durkheim claims that, a religion as closely connected to a social system surpassing all others in simplicity may well be regarded as the most elementary religion we can possibly know (Ritzer, 91). For instance Durkheim argues that totemism a religious system in which animal figures are regarded as sacred is among the simplest religious forms in the world. The totemic animal, Durkheim believed, was the original focus of religious activity because it was the emblem for a social group, the clan (Ritzer, 91). 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